Click here to read the Chronology of Islam
From 
6th Century (500-599) C.E. 
to
20th Century (1900-1992) C.E.

• World of Islam
• The Spread of Islam
• General Characteristics of Islam
• Global Religion
• A Brief History of Islam
• The Rightly guided Caliphs
• The Caliphate
• Umayyad
• Abbasids
• North Africa And Spain
• After the Mangol Invasion
• Ottoman Empire
• Persia
• India
• Malaysia And Indonesia
• Africa
• Islam in the United States
• Aftermath of the Colonial Period
• Arab
• India
• Far East
• Africa
• National States
• Revival and Reassertation of Islam
• Reform Organizations
• Education and Science in the Islamic World
• Influence of Islamic Science and Learning Upon the West
• Conclusion

World of Islam

The Spread of Islam

From the oasis cities of Makkah and Madinah in the Arabian desert, the message of Islam went forth with electrifying speed. Within half a century of the Prophet's death, Islam had spread to three continents. Islam is not, as some imagine in the West, a religion of the sword nor did it spread primarily by means of war. It was only within Arabia, where a crude form of idolatry was rampant, that Islam was propagated by warring against those tribes which did not accept the message of God--whereas Christians and Jews were not forced to convert. Outside of Arabia also the vast lands conquered by the Arab armies in a short period became Muslim not by force of the sword but by the appeal of the new religion. It was faith in One God and emphasis upon His Mercy that brought vast numbers of people into the fold of Islam. The new religion did not coerce people to convert. Many continued to remain Jews and Christians and to this day important communities of the followers of these faiths are found in Muslim lands. Moreover, the spread of Islam was not limited to its miraculous early expansion outside of Arabia. During later centuries the Turks embraced Islam peacefully as did a large number of the people of the Indian subcontinent and the Malay-speaking world. In Africa also, Islam has spread during the past two centuries even under the mighty power of European colonial rulers. Today Islam continues to grow not only in Africa but also in Europe and America where Muslims now comprise a notable minority.

General Characteristics of Islam

Islam was destined to become a world religion and to create a civilization which stretched from one end of the globe to the other. Already during the early Muslim caliphates, first the Arabs, then the Persians and later the Turks set about to create classical Islamic civilization. Later, in the 13th century, both Africa and India became great centers of Islamic civilization and soon thereafter Muslim kingdoms were established in the Malay-Indonesian world while Chinese Muslims flourished throughout China.

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